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GrundyMicrosoft Excel@Iҽ < ՜.+,D՜.+,8 PXd lt| 3  Barry's BenchmarksLarrie's BenchmarksSheet3  Worksheets 6> _PID_GUIDAN{62F38760-A7D7-11D2-8A8E-00105A08089A} Root Entry FWorkbookSummaryInformation(DocumentSummaryInformation8]}oH?ń\ZwR}&w4S% cO#( TO7==qAqmL^$5> >f1îmmVǰq#VCt7$IfXwnKq::<=pCuѰƸѹ=ĽD5 ޖ ;ft4SH܌m۠!Z ۋqDH8t9}g7,7c1[ͰiP,s:vI>s qZ>rStUB Y]l% s"^y2͊wUqB`'w䩡#IbZ=Ag1j~%Z(ieMHMWz`d$xL缞V0FYeFz[.5E+(V(!6fGpc;|]C]vC ُ﵉CzC-&~L,n|?| sꊶ8"mN# uO}㰩K4}Ka>9n'ka r˿0m 0/qhxb.0K+< { >x|0rAw%uI uHBr:.-se {rɽᙇAYB Jgz5OBMP_m9\ BC|=9v059k0$,$V/oQn`4.@,Gp _fey&4}7Yޔ1 a?9sl/l3b҉...{uV_%#bX8V48-zgSC!t+Q =طb+Aa>B-Grb# <ۮx4 гc<[ZlijࡃCn;.;)9Xq y.]5% Ȣ~E'Zgak ྭVݧ_?~ |w9twX]*ayΥ" &}YSYKẒsO A=y, X#X{4&>%{OTW`yڮ6Eq3TUJv*z70x㊲ʐ@YT` jˠ <x6-2-2(ȁxϙ6@!8RȢA ^d`2(ckk|e,7~ ?+aPAMW;g(Wg'oVbla9hrcoS3y*GNj!C !B !x6!B!­=/^7(#d?[^7(rX(!@C 85``Pg qO_e )MV`G usM%2=o~]I>%;jAХAsF\7 o̟\C]>v"[@ZJƴՀeN.gNZJlG͛7[ VB0o%tC;)]5'j9s[Ήn%'՜DW")ymr"$c .:S /~OZ dif./oCAZS+ң 8 ;rEC$r'$n]m*9z ]uzV2zZͪO'ZDQҫ KJ(&a͋sASN &Y3$_J"T+'r&1cVOJ\y,~p:0jҫh^M蒰!IxQweV-7a^r"Vvz%&'ts%Qu b'ҮjPUѧff&Yn®cTŠVH*yxYKLFG;t{%n}i6%] ۝xјu)8cMNXC}B>3m $a1#Ї.!f@țࡱ> ;=:q  (bjbjt+t+ -2AA $]0000000DDDDDX D p((((  $  d 0 00((p 0(0( DD0000 00 (d #DD " Ninth Circuit Strikes Federal Virtual Child Pornography Law on First Amendment Grounds INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/5x5.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/5x5.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/5x5.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/5x5.gif" HYPERLINK "mailto:info@lawnewsnetwork.com"mailto:info@lawnewsnetwork.com HYPERLINK "http://www.almdc.com/"Criminal Justice Weekly December 21, 1999 INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/5x5.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/line2.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "/images/design/10x10.gif" The First Amendment prohibits Congress from enacting a statute criminalizing the generation of computer images of fictitious children engaged in imaginary but explicit sexual conduct, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held Dec. 17, widening a split in the circuits. Specifically, the court struck certain language in the Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996, 18 U.S.C. 2256, prohibiting a "visual depiction" that "is, or appears to be, of a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct," and advertising or promotion of such images, as unconstitutionally vague and overbroad, language which was found last month to be constitutional by the Eleventh Circuit in U.S. v. Acheson, 11th Cir., No. 98-3559, Story, J., 11/12/99 (Free Speech Coalition v. Reno, 9th Cir., No. 97-16536, Molloy, J., 11/17/99). Section 2256(8) defines child pornography as "any visual depiction, including any photograph, film, video, picture, or computer or computer-generated image or picture, whether made or produced by electronic, mechanical, or other means, of sexually explicit conduct[.]" At issue in the appeal were the definitions contained in subsections (B) and (D). Section 2256(8)(B) bans sexually explicit depictions that appear to be minors. Section 2256(8)(D) bans visual depictions that are "advertised, promoted, presented, described or distributed in such a manner that conveys the impression" that they contain sexually explicit depictions of minors. The plaintiffs were a group of adult-oriented businesses and erotic artists who withheld or stopped distributing certain artistic works out of fear of prosecution under the 1996 amendments. The district court found that the plaintiffs had standing to bring their First Amendment challenge, and the government did not contest that finding on appeal. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of the government on the First Amendment issues, however. On appeal, the plaintiffs argue that where the statute fails to define "appears to be" and "conveys the impression," it is so vague a person of ordinary intelligence cannot understand what is prohibited. The Ninth Circuit, in an opinion by U.S. District Judge Donald W. Molloy (D. Mont.), sitting by designation, agreed on that point, while holding most of the statute still passes constitutional muster. However, it did not hold, as the dissent claimed, that the First Amendment protects all computer-generated imaginary images of child pornography. "Because the statute is severable, our holding demonstrates that if morphed computer images are of an identifiable child, the statute is enforceable because there is then the potential harm to a real child." CONTENT DISCRIMINATION Throughout the legislative history of the the various federal statutes proscribing child pornography, Congress has defined the problem in terms of real children, the court noted. The CPPA expanded the law to combat the use of computer technology to produce pornographic images that look like children. In the new law, Congress shifted the paradigm from the illegality of child pornography that involved the use of real children to forbid a "visual depiction" that "is, or appears to be, of a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct." 18 U.S.C. 2256(8)(B). The district court held the contested provisions of the CPPA were content-neutral regulations. The judge reasoned that the law was passed to prevent the secondary effects of the child pornography industry, exploitation of children, because virtual pornography led to the encouragement of pedophilia and molestation. It expressly found that the legislation was not tended to regulate or outlaw ideas, a point on which the appeals court disagreed, citing U.S. v. Hilton, 167 F.3d 61 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 120 S. Ct. 115 (1999). In Hilton, the First Circuit found that the act was content-based because it expressly aims to curb a particular category of expression, child pornography, by singling it out and then banning it. "The Hilton courts determination that blanket suppression of an entire type of speech is a content-discriminating act is a legal conclusion with which we agree. The child pornography law is at its essence founded upon content-based classification of speech." Given that content-based statutes restricting speech are "presumptively constitutional," the court of appeals noted that if the CPPA is to survive constitutional inquiry, the government must establish a compelling interest that is served by the statute, and it must show that the CPPA is narrowly tailored to fulfill that interest. Crawford v. Lundgren, 96 F.3d 380, 385 (9th Cir. 1996). COMPELLING INTERESTS The court noted that there are three compelling interests put forward for proscribing child pornography using images of actual children: First, production of actual child pornography requires exploitation of actual children. Second, it is believed that dissemination of child pornography may encourage more sexual abuse of children by whetting the appetites of pedophiles, the belief being that "synthetic" child pornography which looks real to the naked eye will have the same effect upon viewers as "traditional" child pornography. Finally, the third interest is that such images are morally and aesthetically repugnant. The language of the statute challenged here, however, criminalizes the use of fictional images that involve no human being, whether that fictional person is over the statutory age and looks younger, or indeed, a fictional person under the prohibited age. "Images that are, or can be, entirely the product of the mind are criminalized," the court noted. "The constitutionality of this definition is not supported by existing case law." For example, the focus of the analysis in New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982), was on the harm to the children actually used in the production of the materials. "The language of the statute criminalizes even those materials that do not involve a recognizable minor. This shift is a significant departure from Ferber." "Because the 1996 Act attempts to criminalize disavowed impulses of the mind, manifested in illicit creative acts, we determine that censorship through the enactment of criminal laws intended to control an evil idea cannot satisfy the constitutional requirements of the First Amendment." Moreover, the two challenged phrases "are highly subjective," the court said, finding them unconstitutionally vague. "The phrases provide no measure to guide an ordinarily intelligent person about prohibited conduct and any such person could not be reasonably certain about whose perspective defines the appearance of a minor, or whose impression that a minor is involved leads to criminal prosecution." In the same light, the court held that the absence of definitions for the key phrases allows law enforcement officials to subjectively exercise their discretion about what "appears to be" or what "conveys the impression" of prohibited material. Thus, the vagueness of the statutes key phrases regarding computer images permits enforcement in an arbitrary and capricious manner. The court explained further that the statute is overbroad, in that it includes constitutionally-protected activity as well as legitimately prohibited activity. The governments interest in prohibiting computer-generated child pornography is not the same as its interest in prohibiting child pornography produced by using actual children. In the former instance there is no harm, and there can be none, to an actual child, if no real human is used in the production of the images. Not Protected Speech? Judge Warren J. Ferguson vigorously dissented, arguing that "virtual child pornography should join the ranks of real child pornography as a class of speech outside the protection of the First Amendment." He did not find the challenged phrases either impermissibly vague or overbroad. "At the hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee, witnesses testified that persons who trade and sell images that are indistinguishable from those of actual children engaged in sexual activity keep the market for child pornography thriving," Ferguson noted. From reading the legislative history, he said, it becomes clear that the CPPA merely extends the existing prohibitions on "real" child pornography to a narrow class of computer-generated pictures easily mistaken for real photographs of real children. Rather than invalidate part of the statute based on possible problems that may never occur, it is best to deal with those situations on a case-by-case basis, Ferguson said. 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What Is Hacking? Hacking is the act of penetrating computer systems to gain knowledge about the system and how it works. Hacking is illegal because we demand free access to ALL data, and we get it. This pisses people off and we are outcasted from society, and in order to stay out of prison, we must keep our status of being a hacker/phreaker a secret. We can't discuss our findings with anyone but other members of the hacking/phreaking community for fear of being punished. We are punished for wanting to learn. Why is the government spending huge amounts of time and money to arrest hackers when there are other much more dangerous people out there. It is the murderers, rapists, terrorists, kidnappers, and burglers who should be punished for what they have done, not hackers. We do NOT pose a threat to anyone. We are NOT out to hurt people or there computers. I admit that there are some people out there who call themselves hackers and who deliberately damage computers. But these people are criminals, NOT hackers. I don't care what the government says, we are NOT criminals. We are NOT trying to alter or damage any system. This is widely misunderstood. Maybe one day people will believe us when we say that all we want is to learn. There are only two ways to get rid of hackers and phreakers. One is to get rid of computers and telephones, in which case we would find other means of getting what we want.(Like that is really going to happen.) The other way is to give us what we want, which is free access to ALL information. Until one of those two things happen, we are not going anywhere. B. Why Hack? As said above, we hack to gain knowledge about systems and the way they work. We do NOT want to damage systems in any way. If you do damage a system, you WILL get caught. But, if you don't damage anything, it is very unlikely that you will be noticed, let alone be tracked down and arrested, which costs a considerable amount of time and money. Beginners should read all the files that they can get their hands on about anything even remotely related to hacking and phreaking, BEFORE they start hacking. I know it sounds stupid and boring but it will definetly pay off in the future. The more you read about hacking and phreaking, the more unlikely it is that you will get caught. Some of the most useless pieces of information that you read could turn out to be the most helpful. That is why you need to read everything possible. A. Hacking And Phreaking WWW Sites Here is a list of some World Wide Web sites that contain computer underground related material: Site Address: http://www.hackers.com/LOA (LOA Home Page) http://www.hackers.com (Hacker's Haven) http://www.lordsomer.com (Hacker's Layer) http://www.2600.com (2600 Magazine) http://www.L0pht.com (L0pht Home Page) http://www.underground.com (The Underground) http://web2.airmail.net/km/hfiles/free.htm (Hacker's Hideout) http://resudox.net/bio/novell.html http://www.louisville.edu/wrbake01/hack2.html http://hightop.nrl.navy.mil/rainbow.html http://www.spatz.com/pecos/index.html http://pages.prodigy.com/FL/dtgz94a/files2.html http://att.net/dir800 http://draco.centerline.com:8080/~franl/crypto.html http://everest.cs.ucdavis.edu/Security.html http://ice-www.larc.nasa.gov/WWW/security.html http://www.alw.nih.gov/WWW/security.html http://www.aspentec.com/~frzmtdb/fun/hacker.html http://www.cis.ohi-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/alt-2600-faq/faq.html http://www.cs.tufts.ed/~mcable/cypher/alerts/alerts.html http://www.engin.umich.edu/~jgotts/underground/boxes.html http://www.etext.org/Zines http://www.inderect.com/www/johnk/ http://www.mgmua.com/hackers/index.html http://www.paranoia.com/mthreat http://www.paranoia.com/astrostar/fringe.html http://www.umcc.umich.edu/~doug/virus-faq.html http://www.he.net/~redman/home.html .  z7)7)z7)s..  z7)7)z7)ReyHaYlif.docEYHALIFDOC 9ۘ3}ONܮKu!Ō n{X S{4y۵ۮlbYM_,mNfӸl=[R*\I]c1g~~/|q]]Mw`:?0ݻPX{Oorz~kz8{0ypƱ1lQ.P{U;OdotRq֏3#qF~ X'vNr.-̶ek,Xh-uV=[#!̮ۿCWaZ8Zʅ"lqkh;gZNʩcj ^犚6tXڷ{w}1Ƭo'1܆8F8W/}GreE]c}cjzcr/un-pmA1kGjnCmCҦȶ@o?i OfeY#kI@،, LxhcN=X7>Y-sCu-- _K-яn5s_mztMCvEŔ%SU<EWv.0.M~mŌk$6ȰYnm_-_IƇ7PDw~Ժve=k2H ߺ~j=W\ֻcN~RLCHY*fFRZƴUK8vhGgių+(gܻqzch64KvϬZȦF^C]p269iGz#◷<8Yp2=}٤3sr%=dY4fEv& kkgZ3~[C,mϊ~f̊V>,gwsqt-@ؖZ{qrKY8>{6={پKub; [fg,Uz_nUZ%(B>Ս˫#l.n Hu >(Ç%qteC*sv1zc31_MC,݉@6=:ګgNk2j5)lWvˈKXVUen}N%M- }XӾ:prrso8lk`}=2)ϦZ4) r?.}wmuaktϟ~BβꬣzUV֒x?vOKbd[[ 4ʆ6 lq>^2#in=?48N&.R8!#! 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